This web page was produced as an assignment for an undergraduate course at Davidson College.

My Favorite Yeast Gene: Microarray Data Analysis

This page builds on the work completed in my second web page, My Favorite Yeast Gene. Using my annotated (RAS1) and unannotated (YMR086W) genes, I use microarray data in this page to try and assign a function to both of the genes. Assigning function to RAS1 is slightly easier as experimentation has already been carried out to decipher that it has a role in determining the resources that are used in metabolic capacity and response to stress, and as a life span regulator (Shama 1998). YMR086W on the other hand, has no direct experimentation related with its function, and thus is a gene ready to be exposed.

Using the Expression Connection database from Stanford University, microarray data can be analyzed by looking at the grouping of genes under similar experimental conditions. These experiments were carried out by multiple groups, and are listed below followed by the group responsible for the work. To discover more about each particular experiment, click on the link below:

· Expression at different alpha-factor concentrations (Rosetta Inpharmatics)

· Expression in response to alpha-factor (Rosetta Inpharmatics)

· Expression in response to DNA-damaging agents (Stanford University)

· Expression during the cell cycle (Stanford University)

· Expression during the diauxic shift (Stanford University)

· Evolution of expression during glucose limitation (Stanford University)

· Expression during sporulation (Stanford University)

· Expression in response to environmental changes (Stanford University)

· Expression in response to histone depletion (The Whitehead Institute)

For Both RAS1 and YMR086W, not all of the above experiments produced useful results. Those that did (and in some cases those that didn’t) are shown below followed by an analysis of what the microarray data signifies about the genes function.

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All data use the following scale:

Scale : (fold repression/induction)

Click on a color strip to see data for that gene.

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Annotated: RAS1

Expression at different alpha-factor concentrations for RAS1/YOR101W

Orf	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YOR101W	RAS1	RAS protein signal transduction*	RAS small monomeric GTPase	plasma membrane
YKR041W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR269C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBL070C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBL082C	RHK1	protein amino acid glycosylation	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YHR137W	ARO9	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YNL217W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR538W	PAD1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YIL070C	MAM33	respiration	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YOR110W	TFC7	transcription initiation, from Pol III promoter	RNA polymerase III transcription factor	transcription factor TFIIIC
YER145C	FTR1	transport	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YGL055W	OLE1	mitochondrion inheritance*	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	endoplasmic reticulum membrane
YBR093C	PHO5	phosphate metabolism	acid phosphatase	periplasmic space (sensu Fungi)*
YDR221W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR380W	ARO10	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBL069W	AST1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YDR243C	PRP28	lariat formation, 5'-splice site cleavage	ATP dependent RNA helicase*	spliceosome
YKL048C	ELM1	protein amino acid phosphorylation*	protein kinase	cytokinetic ring (sensu Saccharomyces)
YDR280W	RRP45	35S primary transcript processing*	3'-5' exoribonuclease	nuclear exosome (RNase complex)*
YMR234W	RNH1	cell wall organization and biogenesis*	ribonuclease H	cell
YEL065W	SIT1	transport	not yet annotated	not yet annotated

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

See the Summary of the Gene Ontology annotations for this gene group

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=RAS1&noSearch=1

In this experiment, transcript profiling was used to monitor signal transduction during yeast pheromone response (Roberts 2000). RAS1 was neither repressed nor induced. The genes that RAS1 clustered with (those whose biological process is known) have varying function, but many are involved in regulating cell morphology, growth, and differentiation, thereby supporting work completed by Miller, et al in 1997.

Expression in response to alpha-factor for RAS1/YOR101W

Orf	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YOR101W	RAS1	RAS protein signal transduction*	RAS small monomeric GTPase	plasma membrane
YKL144C	RPC25	transcription, from Pol III promoter	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III
YGL069C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YHL025W	SNF6	chromatin modeling	non-specific RNA polymerase II transcription factor	nucleosome remodeling complex
YEL040W	UTR2	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR167W	TAF25	transcription initiation, from Pol II promoter*	general RNA polymerase II transcription factor	TFIID complex*
YDR267C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YNL048W	ALG11	protein amino acid glycosylation	alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase	endoplasmic reticulum*
YPL244C	HUT1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YML103C	NUP188	mRNA-nucleus export*	structural protein	nuclear pore
YPL079W	RPL21B	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YPR041W	TIF5	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YIL104C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YNL113W	RPC19	transcription, from Pol I promoter*	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III*	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III*
YJL194W	CDC6	pre-replicative complex formation and maintenance	adenosinetriphosphatase*	pre-replicative complex
YOR266W	PNT1	inner mitochondrial membrane organization and biogenesis	molecular_function unknown	mitochondrial inner membrane
YKR008W	RSC4	chromatin modeling	molecular_function unknown	nucleosome remodeling complex
YHR118C	ORC6	DNA replication initiation*	DNA replication origin binding	origin recognition complex
YGL030W	RPL30	protein biosynthesis*	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YLR167W	RPS31	protein biosynthesis*	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic small ribosomal (40S) subunit

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=RAS1&noSearch=1

· In the above microarray data, the same alpha factor was tested, but this time over length of time as opposed to amount of pheremone. Here, RAS1 was repressed after about 100 minutes, and clustered with genes which often influenced protein biosynthesis. Following Miller’s hypothesis of the regulatory function of RAS1 in the distributin of resources, it makes sense that protein synthesis genes are repressed at the same time as RAS1 is repressed, as RAS1 would normally cause that gene to be activated to meet cell needs.

Expression in response to DNA-damaging agents for RAS1/YOR101W

Orf	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YOR101W	RAS1	RAS protein signal transduction*	RAS small monomeric GTPase	plasma membrane
YOR095C	RKI1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YBL068W	PRS4	histidine biosynthesis*	ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase	cytoplasm
YNL141W	AAH1	adenine catabolism	adenine deaminase	intracellular
YNL248C	RPA49	transcription, from Pol I promoter	DNA-directed RNA polymerase I	DNA-directed RNA polymerase I
YGR264C	MES1	not yet annotated	methionine--tRNA ligase	not yet annotated
YIL103W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YNL120C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBR061C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YPL211W	NIP7	ribosomal large subunit assembly and maintenance*	protein binding	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit*
YGL171W	ROK1	mRNA splicing*	ATP dependent RNA helicase	nucleolus
YGR128C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBR143C	SUP45	protein synthesis termination	translation release factor, codon specific	cytosol
YPR110C	RPC40	transcription, from Pol I promoter*	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III*	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III*
YLR291C	GCD7	protein synthesis initiation	translation initiation factor	ribosome
YJR007W	SUI2	protein synthesis initiation	translation initiation factor	ribosome
YGR200C	ELP2	transcription	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YOL077C	BRX1	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR101C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YNL119W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBR034C	HMT1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=RAS1&noSearch=1

Here, when the genome was exposed to DNA damaging agents, RAS1 clustered with genes that regulate the initiation and termination of protein synthesis. Again, this supports the hypothesis that RAS1 functions in distributing resources around the cell. When RAS1 is repressed, so are these genes. It seems likely that RAS1 has a role in promoting these genes; with RAS1 repressed, they too are repressed.

(Data Strips—Black, Green, Red—Are NOT Active)

Name	Score	Peak
RAS1	0.292
Reference Genes
CLN2	10.9	G1
HTA1	10.68	S
CLB4	3.08	G2
SWI5	6.726	M
ASH1	11.8	M/G1

Plot of RAS1 (YOR101W)

Top of Form

Note: We only generated a list of genes with similar patterns of expression for genes whose "aggregate CDC scores" were in the top 1200 (Score >= 0.95). RAS1 did not have a score high enough for us to generate such a list.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=RAS1&noSearch=1

· The above images are especially interesting due to the fact that RAS1 is thought to have an important role in the cell cycle, although it did not cluster with any genes that had aggregate CDC scores above .95. For the most part, RAS1 was neither repressed nor induced at any time during the cell cycle, suggesting that its function is not altered by the time period in which it functions.

Expression during sporulation for RAS1/YOR101W

Orf	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YOR101W	RAS1	RAS protein signal transduction*	RAS small monomeric GTPase	plasma membrane
YFL049W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YGR088W	CTT1	stress response	catalase	cytoplasm
YJR037W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBR168W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YMR114C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YOL053C
YDR403W	DIT1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YMR071C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YIR038C	GTT1	glutathione metabolism	glutathione transferase	not yet annotated
YJR055W	HIT1	biological_process unknown	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YIL047C	SYG1	signal transduction	molecular_function unknown	plasma membrane
YLL021W	SPA2	establishment of cell polarity (sensu Saccharomyces)*	cytoskeletal regulatory protein binding	actin cap (sensu Saccharomyces)*
YDR220C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YKR079C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YMR118C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YPL101W	ELP4	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YEL057C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YGR044C	RME1	meiosis	transcription factor	not yet annotated
YJL216C		not yet annotated	alpha-glucosidase	not yet annotated
YDR208W	MSS4	not yet annotated	1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase	plasma membrane

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=RAS1&noSearch=1

· During sporulation, RAS1 wsa induced following about 9 hours. As expected, it clustered with genes that had to do with the stress response (RAS1 is involved in directing resources during periods of stress), and with genes that are involved with signal transduction, meiosis, and establishment of cell polarity. This follows the hypothesis that Ras1 helps to "establish a homeostatic balance by integrating growth, division, response to stress, and transcriptional silencing" (Jazwinski1997; ).

Expression in response to histone depletion for RAS1/YOR101W

Orf	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YOR101W	RAS1	RAS protein signal transduction*	RAS small monomeric GTPase	plasma membrane
YKR025W	RPC37	transcription, from Pol III promoter	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III	DNA-directed RNA polymerase III
YML073C	RPL6A	protein biosynthesis*	structural protein of ribosome*	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YNL052W	COX5A	not yet annotated	cytochrome-c oxidase	not yet annotated
YNL306W	MRPS18	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit
YOL121C	RPS19A	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic small ribosomal (40S) subunit
YLR395C	COX8	not yet annotated	cytochrome-c oxidase	not yet annotated
YER072W	VTC1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YLL014W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YGR282C	BGL2	cell wall organization and biogenesis	glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase	cell wall
YPL078C	ATP4	ATP synthesis coupled proton transport	hydrogen-transporting two-sector ATPase	hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk
YLR435W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YGR086C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YCL031C	RRP7	35S primary transcript processing*	molecular_function unknown	cellular_component unknown
YJR032W	CPR7	biological_process unknown	peptidylprolyl isomerase	cytoplasm
YGR094W	VAS1	not yet annotated	valine--tRNA ligase	not yet annotated
YLR048W	RPS0B	protein biosynthesis*	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic small ribosomal (40S) subunit
YPL271W	ATP15	ATP synthesis coupled proton transport	hydrogen-transporting two-sector ATPase	hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, central stalk
YLR147C	SMD3	mRNA splicing	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YHR010W	RPL27A	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YEL026W	SNU13	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=RAS1&noSearch=1

Again, RAS1 clusters with many genes that code for protein biosynthesis, establishing its connection with cell resource allocation.

CONCLUSION:

As hypothesized in research completed, Ras1 is a member of the GTP/GDP binding proteins whose signal transduction pathways play a role in the regulation of cell morphology, growth, and differentiation, functioning as a nutritional sensor in achieving a sort of homeostasis in the cell (Miller 1997). This microarray data helps to support the papers that have already been written on the genes function. The lack of similarity to significantly changing genes in the cell cycle experiment was interesting as RAS1 is thought to have an integral role in creating cycle changes. This inconsistency is most likely due to the way in which data was clustered as opposed to raising questions about the function of RAS1 itself. Overall, this data supports the hypotheses about RAS1.

Unannotated:YMR086W

Unfortunately, little is known about YMR086W. Hopefully, by looking at microarray data, it will be possible to come up with a reasonable hypthesis about its function. Below are some microarray experiments with the gene’s cluster group, and analysis of those results.

Expression at different alpha-factor concentrations for YMR086W

Orf	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YMR086W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBL105C	PKC1	protein amino acid phosphorylation*	protein kinase C	cellular_component unknown
YKR073C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR121W	DPB4	lagging strand elongation*	epsilon DNA polymerase	epsilon DNA polymerase
YPL038W	MET31	not yet annotated	transcription factor	not yet annotated
YPL158C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YHR159W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YNL333W	SNZ2	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YEL003W	GIM4	protein folding	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YNL213C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YOR003W	YSP3	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YJL100W	LSB6	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YBL010C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YKL154W	SRP102	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YLR185W	RPL37A	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YJR093C	FIP1	mRNA polyadenylation	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YDR108W	GSG1	meiosis	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YPR179C	PLO1	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR334W	SWR1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YDR082W	STN1	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YBR186W	PCH2	not yet annotated	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=YMR086W&noSearch=1

Here, YMR086W did not have any change in repression or induction. Although a strong pattern of associations is not present, the gene did cluster with genes responsible for protein folding and biosynthesis, suggesting that YMR086W may be involved with protein production. The gene also clustered with meiosis and lagging strand elongation genes suggesting that YMR086W may be associated with cell cycle activity. However, this theory is not supported by data found in the cell cycle experiment. It is possible that this clustering is not significant.

Expression in response to alpha-factor for YMR086W

	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YMR086W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YCL029C	BIK1	mitotic anaphase B*	microtubule binding	spindle pole body*
YDR242W	AMD2	not yet annotated	amidase	not yet annotated
YNL063W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YKL163W	PIR3	cell wall organization and biogenesis	cell wall structural protein	cell wall
YML114C	TAF65	transcription	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YDR238C	SEC26	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated
YDL082W	RPL13A	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YOL039W	RPP2A	protein biosynthesis*	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YDR537C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YAR074C
YER064C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YCL060C
YOR383C	FIT3	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YJL119C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YER086W	ILV1	not yet annotated	threonine dehydratase	not yet annotated
YDR025W	RPS11A	protein biosynthesis*	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic small ribosomal (40S) subunit
YNL301C	RPL18B	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit
YDR109C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YLR055C	SPT8	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	SAGA complex
YOR063W	RPL3	protein biosynthesis*	structural protein of ribosome	cytosolic large ribosomal (60S) subunit

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=YMR086W&noSearch=1

· Again, YMR086W clustered with protein biosynthesis genes, specifically those on the ribosome, further supporting the idea that the gene is associated with protein production. Again, the gene clustered with genes responsible for transcription and mitotic anaphase suggesting an association with cell cycle. It is possible that YMR086W is a protein biosynthesis gene that influences the cell division cycle.

Expression during the diauxic shift for YMR086W

Orf	Gene	Process	Function	Component
YMR086W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YOR189W	IES4	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDL019C	OSH2	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YGR125W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YHR176W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YIL088C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YOR179C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YOR124C	UBP2	deubiquitylation	ubiquitin-specific protease	cytoplasm
YGR295C	COS6	biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YLR160C	ASP3-4	asparagine catabolism*	asparaginase	periplasmic space (sensu Fungi)
YCL039W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YKL170W	MRPL38	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit
YCL042W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR109C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YPR045C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YNL315C	ATP11	protein complex assembly	chaperone	mitochondrial matrix
YBL007C	SLA1	cell wall organization and biogenesis*	cytoskeletal protein binding protein	actin cortical patch (sensu Saccharomyces)
YOR246C		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YNL306W	MRPS18	protein biosynthesis	structural protein of ribosome	mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit
YML030W		biological_process unknown	molecular_function unknown	not yet annotated
YDR452W	PHM5	not yet annotated	not yet annotated	not yet annotated

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=YMR086W&noSearch=1

YMR086W again clustered with protein biosynthesis and assembly genes, thus further supporting the hypothesis.

Expression in response to histone depletion for YMR086W

	Gene		Process		Function		Component
YMR086W				biological_process unknown		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YML004C		GLO1		not yet annotated		lactoylglutathione lyase		not yet annotated
YLR033W		RSC58		biological_process unknown		not yet annotated		not yet annotated
YDR081C		PDC2		vitamin B1 biosynthesis		not yet annotated		not yet annotated
YOR385W				biological_process unknown		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YML117W				biological_process unknown		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YMR227C		TAF67		transcription initiation, from Pol II promoter*		general RNA polymerase II transcription factor		TFIID complex
YDR386W		MUS81		not yet annotated		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YOR220W				biological_process unknown		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YMR111C				biological_process unknown		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YMR316W		DIA1		pseudohyphal growth*		molecular_function unknown		cellular_component unknown
YER044C-A		MEI4		not yet annotated		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YIL014W		MNT3		O-linked glycosylation		alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase		cellular_component unknown
YIL164C		NIT1		biological_process unknown		nitrilase		cellular_component unknown
YGR246C		BRF1		transcription initiation, from Pol III promoter		RNA polymerase III transcription factor		transcription factor TFIIIB
YMR089C		YTA12		protein complex assembly*		adenosinetriphosphatase*		mitochondrial inner membrane
YJR004C		SAG1		agglutination		cell adhesion receptor		cell wall
YPL230W		USV1		biological_process unknown		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YIL147C		SLN1		protein amino acid phosphorylation*		osmosensor*		plasma membrane
YNR025C				biological_process unknown		molecular_function unknown		not yet annotated
YJR052W		RAD7		nucleotide-excision repair		DNA binding*		repairosome*

* : indicates that more than one annotation exists for the gene.

Table taken from SGD Expression Connection data base at the the following link: http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl?query=YMR086W&noSearch=1

Here, YMR086W again clustered with genes that coded for protein assembly and genes involved in the replication process.

CONCLUSION:

It seems that YMR086W plays a role in protein biosynthesis in relation to cell replication. However, because the gene did not have significant repression or induction during the cell cycle experiments, it is difficult to gauge how involved it is in cell replication. Regardless, it appears that it is involved in protein synthesis nonetheless. It is also possible that YMR086W is a regulator gene for protein biosynthesis, and is therefore induced and repressed at the same time.

Resources:

“Expression Connection.” Saccaromyces Genome Database. 2001.http://genome-www4.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/SGD/expression/expressionConnection.pl 10/18/01.

Jazwinski, S. Michal. "The Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Aging." 11 October 1997. <http://www.medschool.lsuhsc.edu/bioc/Department/Newsletter/NEWSLTR-JAZ.html> 9/30/01.

Miller, Michael. "Heat Shock, Future Shock at NIA's 8th Shock Lecture." 29 July 1997. < http://www.nih.gov/news/NIH-Record/07_29_97/story05.htm

9/30/01.

Roberts et. al. “Signaling and Circuitry of Multiple MAPK Pathways Revealed by a Matrix of Global Gene Expression Profiles.”Science 287, 873-880 (2000). http://www.rii.com/tech/pubs/s287873.htm 10/19/01.

Shama S, Lai CY, Antoniazzi JM, Jiang JC, Jazwinski SM. "Heat stress-induced life span extension in yeast." 15 December 1998.
<http://www3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&uid=99069164&dopt=r> 9/30/01

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