Gene Networks Database

LOCUS       Rr_SPEH4     234 bp    DNA             INV       01-JUN-1998
DEFINITION  S.purpuratus early histone (H4) gene, regulatory region
DBSOURCE    GENBANK:  name SUSHISES2, accession J01172 
KEYWORDS    histone; histone H4.
SOURCE      Strongylocentrotus purpuratus DNA.
  ORGANISM  Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
            Eukaryotae; mitochondrial eukaryotes; Metazoa; Echinodermata;
            Echinozoa; Echinoidea; Euechinoidea; Echinacea; Echinoida;
            Strongylocentrotidae; Strongylocentrotus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 234)
  AUTHORS   Grunstein,M. and Grunstein,J.E.
  TITLE     The histone H4 gene of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus: DNA and mRNA
            sequences at the 5' end
  JOURNAL   Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 42, 1083-1092 (1978)
  MEDLINE   78237814
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 234)
  AUTHORS   Grunstein,M., Diamond,K.E., Knoppel,E. and Grunstein,J.E.
  TITLE     Comparison of the early histone H4 gene sequence of
            Strongylocentrotus purpuratus with maternal, early, and late
            histone H4 mRNA sequences
  JOURNAL   Biochemistry 20, 1216-1223 (1981)
  MEDLINE   81184387
REFERENCE   3  (transcriptional regulatory elements)
  AUTHORS   Tung, L., Lee, I. J., Rise, H. L. and Weinberg, E.S.
  TITLE     Positive and negative transcriptional regulatory elements in the
            early H4 histone gene of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res. 18(24): 7339-7348 (1990)
  MEDLINE   91081322
COMMENTS    The early H4 (EH4) histone gene of Strongylocentrotus 
            purpuratus contains at least five positive-responding sequence 
            elements and one negative-responding site which control the level of in vitro 
            transcription in an embryonic nuclear extract. The positive acting elements 
            are: 1) the UHF-1 region, located between -133 and -102 (32 - 63 of this entry)
            (the site of a strong footprint, due at least in part to the binding of an 85 kD 
            protein factor termed UHF-1); 2) the H4 specific element (H4SE), situated between -62 and
            -39 (103 - 126 of this entry); 3) a sequence corresponding to a TATA box between -33 and -26 
            (TAACAATA) (132 - 139 of this entry); 4) the transcriptional initiation site; and 5) an internal 
            sequence element found between +19 and +50  (183 - 214 of this entry). Deletion of, or base changes 
            in, the UHF-1, H4SE, initiation, or internal sequence sites result in 
            significant decreases in transcription. Base substitutions in the TATA-like 
            sequence have much less effect, resulting in no more than a 2-fold decrease 
            in transcription, and there is no evidence that alternative initiation 
            sites are utilized in the mutant templates. The negative element (termed 
            the UHF-3 site) is contained within a footprinted region between nucleotides
            -75 and -56  (90 - 109 of this entry). Base substitutions in this area result in templates that are
            transcribed at a level 1.2-2.0-fold higher than the wild-type gene. 
            Transcription levels of double UHF-1/H4SE and UHF-1/INR mutants are those 
            expected from additive effects of the individual mutations and there is 
            no suggestion of synergism [3]. 
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..234
                     /organism="Strongylocentrotus purpuratus"
                     /db_xref="taxon:7668"
     mRNA            165..
                     /note="h4 mRNA"
     protein_bind    32..63
                     /bound_moiety="UHF-1"
                     /evidence=footprinting assays
                     /evidence=mobility shift assays                        
                     /citation=[3]
     protein_bind    90..109
                     /bound_moiety="UHF-3"
                     /evidence=footprinting assays
                     /evidence=mobility shift assays                     
                     /citation=[3]
     misc_feature    103..126
                     /note="the H4 specific element (H4SE)"
                     /evidence=experiments with mutant templates                     
                     /citation=[3]
     TATA_signal     132..139
                     /note="TAACAATA sequence"
                     /evidence=experiments with mutant templates                     
                     /citation=[3]
     misc_feature    183..214
                     /note="internal sequence element"
                     /evidence=experiments with mutant templates                     
                     /citation=[3]
ORIGIN      
        1 acataaatgc atgtactaat gctagcgaat actcgccaca agggggcgca actcgaatgg
       61 ggagtctccg cactccagtc ccgcataccg taacgatgcc gcaatctcgg tcacccaagt
      121 ccgcaatggt gtaacaatac tcggtgcaat ccggttgagg catcattcgc ttagcgtaat
      181 atccagtcta caggatcaca cagaactcgc tctcaactat caatcatcat catg