Metabolism of Glucose

This diagram shows the major steps and enzymes in the conversion of glucose into ATP, NADH and FADH₂. The intermediate molecules are in black letters, enzymes in dark blue, energy in light blue, and waste CO₂ in purple. Note that a bookeeping shorthand was used at the top of the diagram to remind you that beginning with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (a 3 carbon sugar), all steps are multiplied by two since the 6 carbon glucose has been catabolized into two copies of a 3 carbon sugar. For additional information, you should consult an introductory biology or biochemistry textbook.

Figure 1. Summary of the major steps in the catalysis of glucose and the production of energy.