Biology 111: Unit 2 March 1999

The review is due Friday March 26, 1999 at 9:30am.

This is a closed-book, closed-note review. You may use a calculator.

There is no time limit for taking the review.

The questions are yours to keep. This page must be the first page of your answer packet. Fill out the information at the bottom and attach this page to the ones containing your answers. The top of each additional page in the packet should contain only your initials and the page number .

All answers must be typed. The steps behind any calculation must be included to receive full credit (can be hand-written). Any accompanying figures may be hand-drawn.

Any questions about the review should be directed to me at kabernd@davidson.edu, 892-2889 (o), or XXX-XXXX (h). Any calls to my home must occur before 9:00pm.

Name: ____________________________________
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My signature indicates that I have completed this review following the Honor Code.

This review was completed in ________hours

Section I (23pt in section)

Complete each of the following questions. If calculations are necessary be sure to show all work. For questions 1-6 fill in the following sentences with all appropriate words from the list that follows. Place only the chosen word(s) on your answer sheet. Words may be used more than once. (10pt total)

DNA, mRNA, Proteins, Transcription, Translation

1. Molecules like ________ are found in the nucleus.

2. Uracil is a component of ________.

3. In the cytosol ________ is/are a template(s) for the ________ machinery.

4. Point mutations are inherited because they occur in ________.

5. The addition of a 'poly A tail' must occur before a product of ________ can be called a/an ________.

6. 70% of Cystic fibrosis results from lacking a phenylalanine in the CFTR ________.

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7. What is the scientific name of the model organism you have been studying in lab? (genus and species) (3pt)

8. Flagella contain a structural polymer called microtubules. List the monomeric subunits that make up microtubules. (2pt)

9. You are given a stock solution of cycloheximide (2mg/ml) and asked to test the effect of this chemical on flagellar regeneration.
    A) You are given 1ml of deflagellated cells and want a final concentration of 10mg/ml cycloheximide. How much of the cycloheximide stock solution do you add? (3pt)
    B) Cycloheximide at 10mg/ml inhibits translation. You perform the experiment and present the following graph to represent your data.

What does this data suggest about the role of translation in flagellar regeneration? (Include an explanation of the difference in overall length at 60min.) (5pt)

Section II (15pt in section)

Very short answers. Answer each with a few words or phrases.

1. Define the term allele. (2pt)

2. List 2 types of post-translational modification. (2pt)

3. List 3 uses for RFLP analysis. (3pt)

4. Why do individuals homozygous for the DF508 mutation exhibit a decrease in extracellular chloride ions? (4pt)

5. Name the process of DNA mapping used when trying to clone a gene from known RFLP markers. (2pt)

6. What is a testcross? (2pt)

Section III (62pt in section)

Answer all of the following questions. Brevity is encouraged and be sure to answer the question asked. Any required diagrams may be hand-drawn.

1. Explain the role of mutations in evolution. (4pt)

2. The following is a diagram of the results of agarose gel electrophoresis

    A) What is a restriction enzyme and what does it do? (4pt)

    B) How do you know which fragments are larger?(2pt)

    C) A plasmid was used as the starting material in each of the lanes diagrammed. How many BamHI sites does that plasmid contain? (explain reasoning) (5pt)

3. Vernal respitosis results in periods of prolonged lethargy and is aggrevated by warm weather and exposure to the sun. This disorder has been traced to a decrease in extracellular concentration of certain neurotransmitters and can be followed through generations within a family. A classmate proposes VR is caused by a mutation that effects the production of tRNA. (parts A-D)

    A) What is tRNA and in what process is it involved? (3pt)

    B) You do not agree with your classmate, explain why. (5pt)

    C) Propose an alternate hypothesis and list one experimental method you could use to test your hypothesis. (3pt)

    D) Explain how results of experimentation using the method in 3C could support or refute your hypothesis. (3pt)

4. Mice normally have brown coats and black eyes. A female dihybrid mouse has a white coat and pink eyes. (parts A and B)
    A) Give the genotypes of the female dihybrid and a male mouse having a brown coat and black eyes using Morgan's notation. (4pt)
    B) The mice in 4A mated. List all the possible phenotypes and genotypes of their offspring. (8pt)

5. A family has members who are afflicted with hypostudyosis, a genetic disorder that causes individuals to put off reading assignments. The following information has been gathered. (Note: This is hypothetical information, a genetic basis for procrastination has not been looked for, yet.) (parts A-C)

--A woman and her father have hypostudyosis, her mother does not.

--The woman has to siblings: her brother has the disorder, her sister does not.

--The woman's husband and daughter have hypostudyosis, her son does not.

--The woman's brother is married to a woman with the disorder, their child (a boy) is not afflicted.

    A) Draw a pedigree for this family. Label the generations using Mendelian terminology. (8pt)
    B) Is hypostudyosis dominant, recessive, or codominant? Explain the reasoning supporting your choice (2pt)
    C) Explain why hypostudyosis could not be the 2 options you did not choose in 5B. (4pt)

6. When does recombination occur and how does it lead to changes in the predicted ratio of phenotypes will that result from a dihybrid testcross. (6pt)